货运运输工具
Cargo transport
按照运输工具的不同，货物运输合同可分为铁路货物运输合同、公路货物运输合同、水路货物运输合同、航空货物运输合同、管道货物运输合同和多式联运货物运输合同。
According to the different means of transport, freight transport contracts can be divided into railway freight transport contract, road freight transport contract, waterway freight transport contract, air freight transport contract, pipeline freight transport contract and Multimodal Freight Transport contract.
铁路货物运输合同铁路货物运输合同是铁路承运人将货物从起运地点通过铁路运输到约定地点，托运人或者收货人支付运输费用的合同。托运人利用铁路运输货物，应与铁路承运人签订货物运输合同。
Railway freight transport contract Railway freight transport contract is a contract in which the railway songshui.37ix.com.cn jinghuaqi.71ix.com lipinhe.89ix.cn liqingqi.89ix.cn jietou.89ix.cn gangsilun.89ix.cn carrier carries the goods from the place of departure to the agreed place by rail, and the shipper or consignee pays the transportation cost. The shipper shall sign a contract of carriage of goods with the railway carrier when using the railway to transport goods.
铁路货物运输合同中的承运人是铁路运输企业。铁路运输企业主要是指国家铁路运输企业和地方铁路运输企业。国家铁路运输企业是指铁路局和铁路分局。铁路站段不是铁路运输企业，而是铁路运输企业的基层组织，它只能以铁路局或者铁路分局的名义进行运输生产活动。
The carrier in the contract of carriage of goods by railway is a railway transport enterprise. Railway transport enterprises mainly refer to national railway transport enterprises and local railway transport enterprises. The State Railway Transportation Enterprise refers to the Railway Administration and the Railway Sub-Administration. Railway stations and depots are not railway transport enterprises, but grass-roots organizations of railway transport enterprises. They can only carry out transport and production activities in the name of railway bureaus or railway sub-bureaus.
铁路货物运输合同中的托运人就是把货物交付铁路运输的人。它可以是自然人、法人或者其他社会组织。
The shipper in the contract of railway freight transportation is the person who delivers the goods to railway transportation. It can be a natural person, a legal person or other social organization.
铁路货物运输合同中的收货人是指在到站领取托运货物’的人。收货人也可以是自然人、法人或者其他社会组织。收货人虽然不参加订立铁路货物运输合同，但他们与所订立的合同密切相关，也享受合同中的某些经济权利，也要承担由合同带来的某些经济义务。
The consignee in the contract of carriage of goods by rail refers to the person who receives the consigned goods at the station. The consignee may also be a natural person, legal person or other social organization. Although the consignee does not participate in the conclusion of the contract for the carriage of goods by railway, they are closely related to the contract concluded, enjoy certain economic rights in the contract, and also bear certain economic obligations arising from the contract.
根据货物运输组织方式的不同，铁路货物运输合同可分为整车货物运输合同、零担货物运输合同和集装箱货物运输合同三种。
According to the different modes of cargo transport organization, Railway cargo transport contracts can be divided into three types: vehicle cargo transport contract, part-load cargo transport contract and container cargo transport contract.